In time-based charts, each candle is closed after the selected time period (e.g., 1 min, 5 min, 10 min).
In atemporal charts, each candle or box is formed based on price variation (e.g., Renko/Range).
In time-based charts, gaps may exist, as shown in the example below, where we use a 5-minute period for USATEC. You can observe that some gaps may appear between the candles: